AutoCAD 3D Tutorial ...

AutoCAD 3D Tutorial ...

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AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 1 - Written by Kristen Kurland Copyright © 2007 3D Tutorials AutoCAD 2007 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 2 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 1 3D Interface AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 3 - 1.1 Launching AutoCAD 3D 1. Choose Start from the Windows program manager. 2. Choose Programs, Autodesk ,AutoCAD 2007. Workspaces AutoCAD workspaces are sets of menus, toolbars and dockable windows (such as the Properties palette, DesignCenter, and the Tool palettes window) that are grouped and organized so that you can work in a custom, task-oriented drawing environment. 1. Click 3D Modeling and OK. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 4 - 1.2 3D Interface AutoCAD’s 3D Interface consists of three main areas The dashboard Anchored palettes A 3D workspace AutoCAD 3D


Tutorial - 5 - 1.3 3D Dashboard The dashboard consists of a set of control panels organized by function. For example, the top control panel contains commands that create and modify 3D solids; the second control panel contains commands and controls used to navigate 3D models. 1. Click on one of the panels to expand the display to show a slide-out panel that has additional controls. Click to expand dashboard panel AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 6 - 1.4 Viewports 1. Choose View, Viewports, 4 Viewports. or 2. Type -VPORTS at the command prompt. Command: -VPORTS Enter an option [Save/Restore/Delete/Join/SIngle/?/2/3/4] 4: enter Enter a configuration option [Horizontal/Vertical/Above/ Below/Left/Right] : enter Your screen will look something like the figure below with four views in one AutoCAD drawing. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 7 - 1.5 Preset 3D Viewports 1. Choose View, Viewports, New Viewports 2. Click the dropdown option for Setup and click 3D. 3. Choose Four: Right as the viewport option. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 8 - 1.6 Named Views 1. Choose View, Named Views… 2. Click the plus (+) sign beside Preset Views. 3. Click NE Isometric, Set Current, Apply,and OK. Tip: You can also choose View, 3D Views, and any of the preset 3D views. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 9 - 1.7 VPOINT Command (Tripod) Displays a compass and tripod for defining a view rotation. The compass represents a two dimensional globe. 1. Choose View, 3D Views, point or 2. Type VPOINT at the command prompt. Command: vpoint Rotate/<-0.614,-0.614,0.500>: (enter) 3. Click a point on the compass to define the viewing angle. Point in the center of the compass is the north pole Middle ring of the compass is the equator Entire 


outer ring is the south pole Tripod AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 10 - 1.8 VPOINT Command (Rotate) Enters a rotation angle at the viewpoint prompt. 1. Type VPOINT at the command prompt. Command: vpoint Rotate/ <-0.614,-0.614,0.500>: R (enter) Enter angle in XY plane from X axis <225>: 225 (enter) Enter angle from XY plane <30>: 15 (enter) AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 11 - 1.9 DDVPOINT 1. Choose View, 3D Views, Viewpoint Preset. or 2. Type DDVPOINT at the command prompt. Command: ddvpoint 3. Set a viewing angle by typing the From X axis and XY Plane angle. or 4. Pick a viewing angle in the 2 graphics Left graphic = From X Axis Right graphic = In XY Plane 5. Click OK. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 12 - 1.10 Plan View 1. Choose View, 3D Views, Plan View the one of the following: Current UCS, World UCS, Named UCS or 2. Type PLAN at the command prompt. Command: plan Enter an option [Current Ucs/Ucs/World] : World AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 13 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 2 Thickness and Elevation AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 14 - 2.1 Thickness Command 1. Begin a new drawing using a 3D Modeling workspace. 2. Choose View, Viewports, 2 Viewports. 3. Press ENTER for the default of two vertical viewports. 4. In the left viewport, type PLAN and World. 5. Type THICKNESS at the command prompt. Command: thickness Enter new value for THICKNESS <0.0000>: 3 6. In the plan view, draw a rectangle using in the LINE command. The lines will have a 3D “thickness” that can be seen in the 3D view. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 15 - 2.2 Change Existing Thickness 1. Select the object whose thickness you would like to change (e.g. one line of the rectangle you drew in 2.1. 2. Choose Modify, Properties…or right click and choose Properties… 3. In the Properties dialog box type a new line thickness. The following result is a new line thickness for the selected object. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 16 - 2.3 Elevation Stores the elevation for new objects relative to the current UCS for the current space. 1. Type ELEVATION 

at the command prompt. Command: elevation Enter new value for ELEVATION <0.0000>: 1.00 2. Draw two circles at the new elevation. Note that they appear to be “floating” 1 unit above the ground. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 17 - 2.4 Elevation Shortcut 1. Type ELEV at the command prompt. Command: elev Specify new default elevation: <1.0000>: 1 Specify new default thickness: <3.000>: 1 2. Draw a new line to see the elevation and thickness settings. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 18 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 3 Visualizing Your Model AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 19 - 3.1 HIDE Command Regenerates a three-dimensional model with hidden lines 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Hide. or 3. Type HIDE at the command prompt. Command: hide AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 20 - 3.2 Visual Styles A visual style is a collection of settings that control the display of edges and shading in the viewport. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Visual Styles and one of the following style options. 2D Wireframe 3D Wireframe 3D Hidden Realistic Conceptual AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 21 - 3.3 Visual Style Manager The Visual Styles Manager displays sample images of the visual styles available in the drawing. The selected visual style is indicated by a yellow border, and its settings are displayed in the panel below the sample images. 1. Choose View, Visual Styles, Visual Styles Manager… or 2. Type VISUALSTYLES at the command prompt. Command: visualstyles 3. Choose the desired option from one of those available in the drawing for 2D Wireframe, 3D Wireframe, 3D Hidden, Realistic, or Conceptual options. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 22 - 3.4 Adaptive 3D Grid When you choose a shaded or 3D wireframe visual style, the grid changes from a dotted grid to a rectangular grid. The new grid provides a better sense of a model’s orientation in 3D. The rectangular grid supports perspective, can display major and minor grid lines, provides color options, and can automatically control the grid density when zooming in or out (adaptive grid.) You can change the grid settings using the drafting settings dialog box. 1. Choose View, Visual Styles and one of the following options: 3D Wireframe, 3D Hidden, Realistic, or Conceptual. Change the adaptive grid settings 1. Choose Tools, Drafting Settings, and the Snap and Grid TAB. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 23 - AutoCAD 


3D – Chapter 4 Z Coordinates AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 24 - 4.1 3D Coordinates Entering 3D Cartesian coordinates (X,Y,Z) is similar to entering 2D coordinates (X,Y). In addition to specifying X and Y values, you specify a Z value. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Type 3DPoly at the command prompt. Command: 3DPOLY Specify start point of polyline: 1,1,0 Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: 1,2,1 Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: 2,2,1 Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: 2,1,0 Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: 1,1,0 The result will be the following lines that are drawn in 3D: AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 25 - 4.2 Track in Z Direction With AutoTrack (polar tracking and object snap tracking), you can track in the Z direction as well as in the XY plane. Similarly, when Ortho mode is turned on, you can lock the cursor to the Z direction. 1. Press F11 or click OSnap Tracking on the status bar if it is not already on. 2. Press F10 or click Polar Tracking on the status bar if it is not already on. 3. In a 3D view, issue the LINE command and draw a line in the Z direction using tracking. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 26 - 4.3 Move in Z Direction 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects in it. 2. Type MOVE at the command prompt. Command: move Select objects: pick object in 3D view Select objects: press enter Specify base point or displacement: Specify second point of displacement or : 0,0,1 or use polar tracking to move the object. before move after move AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 27 - 4.4 3D Point Filters Draws in 3D Z direction by filtering X and Y coordinates. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects in it. 2. Use the CIRCLE command and place it using 3D point filters (.xy) 3. Command: circle 4. Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: .XY 5. of pick endpoint to filter 6. (need Z): 1 7. Specify radius of circle or [Diameter] <0.2500>: press enter endpoint to filter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 28 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 5 User Coordinate System AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 29 - 5.1 UCS Icon The UCS icon represents the orientation of the user coordinate system (UCS)

 axes and the location of the current UCS origin. It also represents the current viewing direction relative to the XY plane. AutoCAD displays the UCS icon differently for 2D, 3D and Paper Space environments. 1. Choose View, Display, UCS Icon. or 2. Type UCSICON at the command prompt. Command: ucsicon Enter an option [ON/OFF/All/Noorigin/ORigin/Properties] : ON Displays the UCS icon. OFF Turns off the display of the UCSICON. All Affects the display of the UCSICON in all viewports. Noorigin Always displays the UCS at the lower left corner. Origin Shows the UCS at the 0,0,0 origin of the current UCS. Properties Changes the display properties of the UCS icons(s). 3D UCS icons 2D UCSIcon Pspace UCSICON AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 30 - UCS Icon Properties 1. Choose View, Display, UCS Icon, Properties. or 2. Type UCSICON at the command prompt. Command: ucsicon Enter an option [ON/OFF/All/Noorigin/ORigin/Properties] : P AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 31 - 5.2 UCS Overview The user coordinate system provides an alternate movable coordinate system for coordinate entry, planes of operation, and viewing. Most AutoCAD geometric editing commands are dependent on the location and orientation of the UCS. There are a variety of ways to set the User Coordinate System using the UCS command. 1. Type UCS at the command prompt. Command: ucs Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/ Save/Del/Apply/?/World] : New Defines a new coordinate system by one of six methods: Origin, Z Axis, 3 Point, Object, Face, View X, Y, Z Origin Defines a new UCS by shifting the origin of the current UCS, leaving the direction of the X,Y, and Z axes unchanged. ZAxis Allows you to define a new origin. 3 Point Specifies a UCS by its origin and a point on the positive X and Y axes. Object Lets you define a new UCS by pointing at an object. 


Face Aligns the UCS to the selected face of a solid object. View Establishes a new UCS whose XY plane is perpendicular to your viewing direction (e.g. parallel to your screen). X/Y/Z Rotates the ucs around a specified axis UCS Toolbars AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 32 - 5.3 3 Point UCS The 3 Point option is one of the easiest ways to define a new UCS on a given 3D object. 1. Open a drawing with a simple 3D object (e.g. 3D box) 2. Type UCS at the command prompt. Command: ucs Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/ Save/Del/Apply/?/World] : N Specify origin of new UCS or [ZAxis/3point/OBject/ Face/View/X/Y/Z] <0,0,0>: 3 Specify new origin point <0,0,0>: pick origin Specify point on positive portion of X-axis <3.53,7.73,0.00>: pick point for X direction Specify point on positive-Y portion of the UCS XY plane <2.53,8.73,0.00>: pick point for Y direction Positive Y New 0,0,0 origin Positive X AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 33 - New UCS AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 34 - 5.4 Plan UCS To work in the plan view of your new UCS, use the PLAN command with the current UCS option. New entities that you draw will be in relation to this current UCS. 1. Type PLAN at the command prompt. Command: plan Enter an option [Current ucs/Ucs/World] : press enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 35 - 5.5 World UCS The World UCS is the only UCS guaranteed to be the same in all AutoCAD drawings and can be used to set the UCS back to its original state. This is the UCS you should use when creating Wblocks and inserting Wblocks. 1. Type UCS at the command prompt. Command: ucs Current ucs name: *NO NAME* Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/ Save/Del/Apply/?/World] W AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 36 - 5.6 View UCS Establishes a new coordinate system whose XY plane is perpendicular to your viewing direction (i.e. parallel to your screen) 1. Type UCS at the command prompt. Command: ucs Current ucs name: *NO NAME* Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/ Save/Del/Apply/?/World] : N Specify origin of new UCS or [ZAxis/3point/OBject/ Face/View/X/Y/Z] <0,0,0>: vOrigin/ZAxis/3point/ OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/:V X.X XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Regenerates a three-dimensional model with hidden lines 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. or 2. Choose View, Hide. 3. Type HIDE at the command prompt. Command: hide AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 37 - 5.7 Dynamic UCS You can use the dynamic UCS to create objects on a planar face of a 3D solid without manually changing the UCS orientation. During a command, the dynamic UCS temporarily aligns the XY plane of the UCS with a planar face of a 3D solid when you move the cursor over the face. 


When the dynamic UCS is active, specified points, and drawing tools, such as polar tracking and the grid, are all relative to the temporary UCS established by the dynamic UCS. 1. 1. Click the DUCS icon on the status bar or press CTRL +D. 2. Type any draw command. Command: circle 3. Move the cursor to the face of the 3D object that you would like to draw on. 4. Click to begin drawing your new object. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 38 - 5.8 Naming and Saving a UCS User coordinate systems can sometimes be complicated and it is often useful to name and save them so you can quickly recall them. 1. Type UCS at the command prompt. Command: UCS Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis] : NA Enter an option [Restore/Save/Delete/?]: S Enter name to save current UCS or [?]: LeftSide AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 39 - 5.9 Restoring a UCS A named and saved UCS can be restored at any time.


 1. Type UCS at the command prompt. Command: UCS Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis] : NA Enter an option [Restore/Save/Delete/?]: R Enter name to save current UCS or [?]: LeftSide AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 40 - 5.10 UCS Dialog Box Displays and modifies defined and unnamed user coordinate systems, restores named and orthographic UCSs, and specifies UCS icon and UCS settings for viewports via a dialog box. 1. Chose Tools, Named UCS. or 2. Type UCSMAN at the command prompt. Command: ucsman AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 41 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 6 3D Orbit AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 42 - 6.1 Constrained 3D Orbit 3DORBIT activates a 3D Orbit view in the current viewport. You can view your entire drawing or select one or more objects before starting the command. When 3DORBIT is active, the target of the view stays stationary and the camera location, or point of view, moves around the target. However, from the user's point of view, it appears as if the 3D model is turning as the mouse cursor is dragged. In this way, you can specify any view of the model. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects. 2. Choose View, Orbit, Constrained Orbit. or 3. Type 3D Orbit at the command prompt. Command: 3DOrbit 4. Click and drag to move your object in 3D. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 43 - 6.2 Zoom and Pan in 3D Orbit Zoom 1. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 2. Choose Zoom Window from the pop-up menu. 3. Zoom to a new area of the 3D drawing. 4. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 5. Choose Zoom Previous or Zoom Extents from the pop-up menu. Pan 1. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 2. Choose Other Navigation Modes from the pop-up menu. 3. Choose Pan. 4. Pan to a new area of the drawing. 5. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 6. Choose Other Navigation Modes from the pop-up menu.



 7. Choose Constrained Orbit to set the mode back to orbit. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 44 - 6.3 Projection Mode 1. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 2. Choose Perspective. Perspective view displays objects in perspective so that all parallel lines converge at one point. Objects appear to recede into the distance, and parts of the objects appear larger and closer to you. The shapes are some what distorted when the object is very close. This view correlates more closely to what your eye sees. Parallel view displays objects so that two parallel lines in a drawing never con verge at a single point. The shapes in your drawing always remain the same and do not appear distorted when they are closer. Perspective View Parallel View AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 45 - 6.4 Visual Styles Displays your objects in one of the following selected styles: 1. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 2. Choose Visual Styles from the pop-up menu. 3. Choose 3D Hidden, 3D Wireframe, Conceptual or Realistic. 3D Hidden 3D Wireframe Conceptual Realistic AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 46 - 6.5 Visual Aids 1. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 2. Choose Visual Aids from the pop-up menu. 3. Choose Compass, Grid, or UCS Icon. Compass Grid UCS Icon AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 47 - 6.6 Preset Views Sets the 3D view while in the orbit command 1. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 2. Choose Preset Views from the pop-up menu. 3. Choose one of the following standard 3D views. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 48 - 6.7 Free Orbit 1. Choose View, Orbit, Free Orbit. The 3D Orbit Arcball appears. 2. Click on one of the 3D Orbit arcball locations to move the display of your object(s). Inside the Arcball - Allows movement in any direction Outside the Arcball - Moves View about an axis that extends through the center (acts like twist) Inside one of the small circles to the left/right - Rotates around the “Y” axis through the center. Inside one of the small circles to the top/bottom - Rotates around the “X” axis through the center. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 49 - 6.8 Continuous Orbit 1. Choose View, Orbit, Continuous Orbit. 2. Click and drag to define the direction and speed of a continuous orbit for your object(s). 3. Press ESC on the keyboard to stop the orbit. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 50 - 6.9 Other Navigational Modes 1. Click with the right mouse button while in the 3D Orbit command. 2. Choose Other Navigational Modes from the pop-up menu. 3. Choose one of the following modes. Adjust Distance (4) Simulates moving the camera closer to the object or farther away. Swivel (5) Changes the cursor to an arched arrow and simulates the effect of swiveling the camera. See 3DSWIVEL. Walk (6) Changes the cursor to a plus sign and enables you to "walk through" a model at a fixed height above the XY plane, by dynamically controlling the location and target of the camera. See 3DWALK. Fly (7) Changes the cursor to a plus sign and enables you to "fly through" a model without being restricted to a fixed height above the XY plane. See 3DFLY. Zoom (8) Changes the cursor to a magnifying glass with plus (+) and minus (-) sign and simulates moving the camera closer to an object or farther away. Works like the Adjust Distance option. See 3DZOOM. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 51 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 7 3D Navigation AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 52 - 7.1 Creating a Camera Sets a camera and target location to create and save a 3D perspective view of objects. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects. 2. Choose View, Create Camera. or 3. Type CAMERA at the command prompt. Command: camera Current camera settings: Height=5.0000 Lens Length=50.0000 mm Specify camera location: .xy of (need Z): 7 Specify target location: endp Enter an option [?/Name/LOcation/Height/Target/LEns/Clipping/View/eXit]: X Camera location using .XY filter and Z height of 7 Camera target AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 53 - 7.2 Viewing a Camera Once a camera is created, it becomes a named view in the drawing and can be viewed using the Named View Manager. You can also view the camera using the view option when creating the camera. 1. Choose View, 3D Views, Southwest Isometric to be sure you are not in an existing camera view. 2. Choose View, Named Views. 3. Click the plus (+) sign beside Model Views. 4. Click Camera1, Set Current, Apply, and OK. View from Camera AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 54 - 7.3 Camera Preview Camera preview is a quick and easy way to see the properties of a camera before viewing from the camera. 1. Choose View, 3D Views, Southwest Isometric to be sure you are not in an existing camera view. 2. Zoom out until you see the camera in your 3D view. 3. Click once on a camera in your view. The Camera Preview dialog box will show the view from the chosen camera. You can change the Visual style of this preview to 3DHidden, 3DWireframe, Conceptual, or Realistic. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 55 - 7.4 Camera Properties 1. In a 3D isometric view, double click a camera. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 56 - 7.5 Displaying and Plotting a Camera Displaying a Camera 1.


 Choose View, Display, Cameras. Plotting a Camera 1. If cameras are not already displayed in the drawing, click View, Display, Cameras. 2. Double-click a camera. 3. In the Properties palette, Camera section, Plot option, click Yes or No. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 57 - 7.6 Adjusting Camera Distances and Swiveling a Camera Adjust Camera Distance 1. Choose View, Named Views. 2. Click the plus (+) sign beside Model Views. 3. Click Camera1, Set Current, Apply, and OK. 4. Choose View,Camera, Adjust Distance. 5. Click and drag to zoom in or out about the camera, Swivel a Camera 1. Choose View, Camera, Swivel. 2. Click and drag to swivel the camera, AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 58 - 7.7 DView Command Defines parallel projection or perspective views by using a camera and target. 1. Type DVIEW at the command prompt. Command: dview Select objects or : pick objects Enter option [CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/U ndo]: PO Specify target point <3.2567, 4.0405, 7.2994>: pick target Specify camera point <-4.0520, -3.2436, 14.3538>: .XY of (need Z): 7 Enter option [CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/U ndo]: D Specify new camera-target distance <8.3066>: click and drag new zoom Enter option [CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/U ndo]: Regenerating model. Camera location using .XY filter and Z height of 7 Camera target AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 59 - New DView AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 60 - 7.8 Walk and Fly You can simulate walking and flying through a 3D drawing. When you walk through a model, you travel along the XY plane. When you fly through a model, you are not constrained by the XY plane, so you appear to “fly” over an area in a model. The following mappings are available for walking: Up arrow / W key Move forward Down arrow / S key Move backward Left arrow / A key Move left Right arrow / D key Move right Drag mouse Look around & turn F key Toggle Fly mode 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Create a camera anywhere in the drawing and set the view to that camera. 3. Choose View, Walk and Fly, and Walk. or 4. Type 3DWalk or 3DFky at the command prompt. Command: 3Dwalk 5. The following walk and fly navigation mapping settings appear. Briefly look at the navigation keys, then choose close. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 61 - The following Position Locator dialog box will appear that you can use to navigate your drawing. Press the Up, Down, Left, and Right keys on the keyboard to see how the camera location moves in the drawing and Position Locator dialog box. Move the camera and target in the Position Locator dialog box. Click and drag your mouse to “fly” through the drawing. Close the Position Locator dialog box and try walking and flying using only the keys on the keyboard and mouse. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 62 - 7.9 Walk and Fly Settings 1. Choose View, Walk and Hide, Walk and Hide Settings. or 2. Type WALKFLYSETTINGS at the command prompt. Command: walkflysettings 3. Choose one of the following settings from the Walk and Fly dialog box. If you are working in a drawing with a large architectural scale, be sure to set your drawing units to a large number, similar to the scale of the drawing. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 63 - 7.10 Animation Paths 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view and line or polyline representing a path for an animation 2. Choose View, Motion Path Animations. or 3. Type ANIPATH at the command prompt. Command: anipath 4. Click Select Path under the Link camera to: option and click on the line or polyline path. 5. Click OK to the default path name. 6. Click Select Path under the Link target to: option and click on the line or polyline path. 

7. Click OK to the default path name. 8. Change other animation settings such as the frames per second, duration, resolution, etc. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 64 - 9. Choose the Preview…button to preview your animation. 10. Close the animation preview and click OK to create an animation file. 11. Play your animation in a Windows or MacIntosh video review application. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 65 - 7.11 3D Navigation Using the Dashboard Regenerates a three-dimensional model with hidden lines 1. Choose Tools, Palettes, Dashboard. or 2. Type DASHBOARD at the command prompt. Command: dashboard AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 66 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 8 3D Model Objects AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 67 - 8.1 Wireframes A wireframe model is a skeletal description of a 3D object. There are no surfaces in a wireframe model; it consists only of points, lines, and curves that describe the edges of the object. With AutoCAD you can create wireframe models by positioning 2D objects anywhere in 3D space. AutoCAD also provides some 3D wireframe objects, such as 3D polylines (that can only have a CONTINUOUS linetype) and splines. Because each object that makes up a wireframe model must be independently drawn and positioned, this type of modeling can be the most time-consuming. Wireframe lines in 3D AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 68 - 8.2 Surfaces Surface modeling is more sophisticated than wireframe modeling in that it defines not only the edges of a 3D object, but also its surfaces. 

The AutoCAD surface modeler defines faceted surfaces using a polygonal mesh. Because the faces of the mesh are planar, the mesh can only approximate curved surfaces. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 69 - 8.3 Solids Solid modeling is the easiest type of 3D modeling to use. With the AutoCAD solid modeler, you can make 3D objects by creating basic 3D shapes: boxes, cones, cylinders, spheres, wedges, and tori (do- nuts). You can then combine these shapes to create more complex solids by joining or subtracting them or finding their intersecting (over- lapping) volume. You can also create solids by sweeping a 2D object along a path or revolving it about an axis. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 70 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 9 2D Solids and 3D Faces AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 71 - 9.1 2D Solid Creates solid-filled triangles and quadrilaterals. 1. Type SOLID at the command prompt. Command: solid First point: P1 Second point: P2 Third point: P3 Fourth point: P4 Third point: enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 72 - 9.2 3D Faces 3DFACE creates a three or four sided surface anywhere in 3D space. You can specify different Z coordinates for each corner point of a 3D face. 3DFACE differs from SOLID, which creates a three- or four-sided surface that is parallel to the current UCS and can be extruded. 1. Type 3DFACE at the command prompt. Command: 3dface First point: pick Second point: pick Third point: pick Fourth point: pick Third point: enter 3D Wireframe Lines 3D Face AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 73 - 9.3 3D Face Invisible Edge With 3DFACE, you control which edges of a 3D face are visible, allowing accurate modeling of objects with holes. Entering i or invisible before the first point of an edge makes the edge invisible.Type 3DFACE at thecommand prompt. 1. Type 3DFACE at the command prompt. Command: 3Dface First point: P1 Second point: P2 Third point: i P3 Fourth point: P4 Third point: i P5 Fourth point: P6 Third point: P7 Fourth point: P8 Third point: enter NOTE: You must enter an “i” for invisible before the face is chosen. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 74 - 9.4 Edge Command 1. Type EDGE at the command prompt.

 Command: edge Specify edge of 3dface to toggle visibility or [Display]: pick edge Specify edge of 3dface to toggle visibility or [Display]: d Enter selection method for display of hidden edges [Select/All] : a ** Regenerating 3DFACE objects...done. Specify edge of 3dface to toggle visibility or [Display]: press enter Pick edge AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 75 - 9.5 PFace Creates a three-dimensional polyface mesh vertex by vertex 1. Type PFACE at the command prompt. Command: pface Specify location for vertex 1: pick point 1 Specify location for vertex 2 or : pick point 2 Specify location for vertex 3 or : pick point 3 Specify location for vertex 4 or : pick point 4 Specify location for vertex 5 or : pick point 5 Specify location for vertex 6 or : pick point 6 Specify location for vertex 7 or : pick point 7 Specify location for vertex 8 or : enter Face 1, vertex 1: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]: type 1 Face 1, vertex 2: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : type 2 Face 1, vertex 3: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : type 6 Face 1, vertex 4: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : type 7 Face 1, vertex 5: enter Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : Face 2, vertex 1: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]: type 2 Face 2, vertex 2: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : type 3 Face 2, vertex 3: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : type 4 Face 2, vertex 4: AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 76 - Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : type 6 Face 2, vertex 5: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : Face 3, vertex 1: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]: type 4 Face 3, vertex 2: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : type 5 Face 3, vertex 3: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : type 6 Face 3, vertex 4: Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] : Face 4, vertex 1: enter Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]: AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 77 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 10 Basic 3D Surfaces AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 78 - 10.1 Box 1. Type AI_BOX at the command prompt. Command: ai_box Initializing... 3D Objects loaded. Corner of box: pick point Specify length of box: 4 Specify width of box or [Cube]: 2 Specify height of box: 2 Specify rotation angle of box about the Z axis or [Reference]: 0 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 79 - 10.2 Pyramid 1. Type AI_PYRAMID at the command prompt. Command: ai_pyramid Specify first corner point for base of pyramid: pick point Specify second corner point for base of pyramid: 4 Specify third corner point for base of pyramid: 4 Specify fourth corner point for base of pyramid or [Tetrahedron]: 4 Specify apex point of tetrahedron or [Top]: .xy of pick (need Z): 4 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 80 - 10.3 Wedge 1. Type AI_WEDGE at the command prompt. Command: ai_wedge Specify corner point of wedge: pick point Specify length of wedge: 4 Specify width of wedge: 2 Specify height of wedge: 2 Specify rotation angle of wedge about the Z axis: 0 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 81 - 10.4 Dome 1. Type AI_DOME at the command prompt. Command: ai_dome Specify center point of dome: pick point Specify radius of dome or [Diameter]: 3 Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dome <16>: 20 Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dome <8>: 10 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 82 - 10.5 Sphere 1. Type AI_SPHERE at the command prompt. Command: ai_sphere Specify center point of sphere: pick point Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]: 3 Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>: 25 Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of sphere <16>: 25 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 83 - 10.6 Cone 1. Type AI_CONE at the command prompt. Command: ai_cone Specify center point for base of cone: pick point Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 2 Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: 5 Specify height of cone: 3 Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 84 - 10.7 Torus 1. Type AI_TORUS at the command prompt. Command: ai_torus Specify center point of torus: pick point Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: 6 Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: 1 Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>: enter Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 85 - 10.8 Dish 1. Type AI_DISH at the command prompt. 


Command: ai_dish Specify center point of dish: pick point Specify radius of dish or [Diameter]: 3 Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dish <16>: 20 Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dish <8>: 15 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 86 - 10.9 Mesh 1. Type ai_mesh at the command prompt. Command: ai_mesh Initializing... 3D Objects loaded. Specify first corner point of mesh: 1,1,1 Specify second corner point of mesh: 4,1,1 Specify third corner point of mesh: 4,4,2 Specify fourth corner point of mesh: 1,4,1 Enter mesh size in the M direction: 20 Enter mesh size in the N direction: 10 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 87 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 11 Complex Surfaces AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 88 - 11.1 Revolved Surfaces Regenerates a three-dimensional model with hidden lines 1. Type Revsurf at the command prompt. Command: revsurf Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=6 SURFTAB2=6 Select object to revolve: pick path curve Select object that defines the axis of revolution: pick line Specify start angle <0>: enter Specify included angle (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 89 - 11.2 Surftab Variables Sets the number of tabulations for both directions to be generated for RULESURF and TABSURF. Also sets the mesh density in ROTATE3D the M direction for REVSURF and EDGESURF commands. 1. Type Surftab1 at the command prompt. Command: surftab1 Enter new value for SURFTAB1 <6>: 30 2. Type Surftab2 at the command prompt. Command: surftab2 Enter new value for SURFTAB2 <6>: 30 3. Type Revsurf at the command prompt. Command: revsurf Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=30 SURFTAB2=30 Select object to revolve: pick path curve Select object that defines the axis of revolution: pick line Specify start angle <0>: enter Specify included angle (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 90 - 11.3 Tabulated Surfaces 1. Type TABSURF at the command prompt. Command: tabsurf Select object for path curve: Select object for direction vector: AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 91 - 11.4 Ruled Surfaces 1. Type RULESURF at the command prompt. Command: rulesurf Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=6 Select first defining curve: P1 Select second defining curve: P2 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 92 - 11.5 Edge Surfaces Regenerates a three-dimensional model with hidden lines 1. Type EDGESURF at the command prompt. Command: edgesurf Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=20 SURFTAB2=10 Select object 1 for surface edge: P1 Select object 2 for surface edge: P2 Select object 3 for surface edge: P3 Select object 4 for surface edge: P4 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 93 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 12 Creating Solids AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 94 - 12.1 Solid Primitives Solid primitives can easily be drawn from both the Draw pulldown menu and from Autodesk’s dashboard. 1. Choose Draw, Modeling, and one of the following solid primitives. or 2. Choose the solid primitive from AutoCAD’s Dashboard. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 95 - 12.2 Polysolid Command With the POLYSOLID command, you can convert an existing line, 2D polyline, arc, or circle to a solid with a rectangular profile. A polysolid can have curved segments, but the profile is always rectangular by default. 1. Open a drawing with a closed 2D polyline and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Draw, Modeling, Polysolid. or 3. Type POLYSOLID at the command prompt. Command: polysolid Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] : h Specify height <0'-4">: 10' Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] : o Select object: Pick polygon AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 96 - 12.3 Helix Creates a 2D or 3D spiral. 1. Begin a new drawing. 2. Choose Draw, Helix. or 3. Type HELIX at the command prompt. Command: helix Number of turns = 3.0000 Twist=CCW Specify center point of base: pick point Specify base radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: enter or drag and pick Specify top radius or [Diameter] <11.0776>: enter or drag and pick Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint/Turns/turn Height/tWist] <1.0000>: enter or drag and pick AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 97 - 12.4 Extrude Creates unique solid primitives by extruding existing two-dimensional objects. You can extrude multiple objects with EXTRUDE. 1. Type EXTRUDE at the command prompt. Command: extrude Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4 Select objects: pick objects Select objects: enter Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle]: 2 Lines with a Thickness of 2” Lines Extruded 2” AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 98 - 12.5 Extrude with Taper 1. Choose Draw, Modeling, Extrude. or 2. Type EXTRUDE at the command prompt. Command: extrude Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4 Select objects to extrude: pick object to extrude Select objects to extrude: enter Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] <8.9509>: T Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>: 15 Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] <8.9509>: 4 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 99 - 12.6 Extrude with Path 

 1. Choose Draw, Modeling, Extrude. or 2. Type EXTRUDE at the command prompt. Command: extrude Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4 Select objects to extrude: 1 found Select objects to extrude: pick circle (P1) Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] <4.0000>: p Select extrusion path or [Taper angle]: pick P2 Circle Extruded Along a Path Hidden Line Removal of Extruded Circle AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 100 - 12.7 Revolve Command 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Draw, Modeling, Revolve. Or 3. Type REVOLVE at the command prompt. Command: revolve Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4 Select objects: pick profile Select objects: enter Specify start point for axis of revolution or define axis by [Object/X (axis)/Y (axis)]: o Select an object: pick axis Specify angle of revolution <360>: enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 101 - 12.8 Sweep Command 1. Open a drawing with 2D objects to sweep and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Draw, Modeling, Sweep. or 3. Type SWEEP at the command prompt. Command: sweep Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4 Select objects to sweep: pick arc Select objects to sweep: Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]: pick path AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 102 - 12.9 Loft Command 1. Open a drawing with 2D objects to sweep and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Draw, Modeling, Loft. or 3. Type LOFT at the command prompt. Command: loft Select cross-sections in lofting order: pick circles Specify opposite corner: 5 found Select cross-sections in lofting order: Enter an option [Guides/Path/Cross-sections only] : enter Click OK. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 103 - AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 104 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 13 3D Edits AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 105 - 13.1 Convert to Solid Converts polylines and circles with thickness to 3D solids. With the CONVTOSOLID command, you can convert the following objects into extruded 3D solids: Uniform-width wide polylines with thickness Closed, zero-width polylines with thickness Circles with thickness Note You cannot use CONVTOSOLID with polylines that contain vertices with 0 width or that contain segments of variable width 1. Open a drawing with 2D polylines or circles with thicknesses and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operation, Convert to Solid. or 3. Type CONVTSOLID at the command prompt. Command: convtosolid Select objects: pick circle or polyline 1 found Select objects: press enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 106 - 13.2 Convert to Surface Converts polylines and circles with thickness to surfaces. 1. Open a drawing with 2D polylines or circles with thicknesses and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operation, Convert to Surface. or 3. Type CONVTSURFACE at the command prompt. Command: convtosurface Select objects: 1 found Select objects: AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 107 - 13.3 3D Move Displays the move grip tool in a 3D view and moves objects a specified distance. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operations, 3DMove. or 3. Type 3DMOVE at the command prompt. Command: 3Dmove Select objects: pick object to move 1 found Select objects: enter Specify base point or [Displacement] : D Specify displacement <0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000>: 0,0,2 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 108 - 13.4 3D Rotate 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operations, 3DRotate. or 3. Type 3DROTATE at the command prompt. Command: 3DROTATE Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0 Select objects: pick object and press enter Specify base point: pick point Pick a rotation axis: select X axis Specify angle start point: -90 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 109 - 13.5 3DAlign 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operations, 3DAlign. or 3. Type 3DALIGN at the command prompt. Command: _3dalign Select objects: pick and press enter Specify source plane and orientation ... Specify base point or [Copy]: Specify second point or [Continue] : Specify third point or [Continue] : Specify destination plane and orientation ... Specify first destination point: Specify second destination point or [eXit] : Specify third destination point or [eXit] : AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 110 - 13.6 3D Mirror 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operations, 3DMirror. or 3. Type MIRROR3D at the command prompt. Command: mirror3D Select objects: pick the circle Select objects: enter Specify first point of mirror plane (3 points) or [Object/Last/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>: P1 Specify second point on mirror plane: P2 Specify third point on mirror plane: P3 Delete source objects? [Yes/No] : enter Circle Mirrored around 3Points AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 111 - 13.7 3D Rectangular Array 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operations, 3DArray. or 3. Type 3DARRAY at the command prompt. Command: 3darray Select objects: pick object and press enter Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] : R Enter the number of rows (---) <1>: 3 Enter the number of columns (|||) <1>: 4 Enter the number of levels (...) <1>: 2 Specify the distance between rows (---): 5 Specify the distance between columns (|||): 4 Specify the distance between levels (...): 8 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 112 - 13.8 3D Polar Array 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operations, 3DArray. or 3. Type 3DARRAY at the command prompt. Command: 3darray Select objects: pick cube Select objects: enter Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] : P Enter the number of items in the array: 5 Specify the angle to fill (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: enter Rotate arrayed objects? [Yes/No] : enter Specify center point of array: mid of axis line Specify second point on axis of rotation: pick Arrayed Objects Around a Line Arrayed Objects in Plan View AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 113 - 13.9 Extract Edges 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operations, Extract Edges. or 3. Type XEDGES at the command prompt. Command: _xedges Select objects: pick object Select objects: enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 114 - 13.10 Facetres Adjusts the smoothness of shaded and rendered objects and objects with hidden lines removed. Valid values are from 0.01 to 10.0. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Type FACETRES at the command prompt. Command: FACETRES Enter new value for FACETRES <0.5000>: 10 Facetres=.1 Facetres=10 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 115 - 13.11 Isolines 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Type ISOLINES at the command prompt. Command: isolines Enter new value for ISOLINES <4>: 20 Command: regen REGEN Regenerating model.


 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 116 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 14 Solid Composites AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 117 - 14.1 Union 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, Solids Editing, Union. or 3. Type UNION at the command prompt. Command: union Select objects: pick objects to union Select objects: enter Solid Objects Unioned Together AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 118 - 14.2 Subtract 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, Solids Editing, Subtract. or 3. Type SUBTRACT at the command prompt. Command: subtract SUBTRACT Select solids and regions to subtract from... Select objects: pick the box Select objects: (press enter) Select solids and regions to subtract... Select objects: pick the cylinder Select objects: enter Objects Subtracted from Box AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 119 - 14.3 Intersect 1. Choose Modify, Solids Editing, Intersect or 2. Type INTERSECT at the command prompt. Command: intersect Select objects: pick objects Select objects: enter Intersection of Cylinder and Box AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 120 - 14.4 Thicken Creates a 3D solid by thickening a surface. 1. Open a drawing with 3D surface and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operation, Thicken. or 3. Type THICKEN at the command prompt. Command: thicken Select surfaces to thicken: 1 found Select surfaces to thicken: Specify thickness <0.0000>: 1 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 121 - 14.5 Interference Checking Highlights 3D solids that overlap. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects that overlap and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operations, Interference Checking. or 3. Type INTERFERE at the command prompt. Command: interfere Select first set of objects or [Nested selection/Settings]: pick objects and press enter. Select second set of objects or [Nested selection/checK first set] : pick rectangle and press enter Solids that interfere will highlight in red. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 122 - The following dialog box allows you to change the zoom and display of the drawing to better see the interfering objects. You can also choose to retain the interference objects by turning the check box off for “Delete interference objects created on Close” AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 123 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 15 Modifying Solid Faces AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 124 - 15.1 Extrude Face 1. Choose Modify, Solid Editing, Extrude face. NOTE: Must be a solid to extrude the face. 2. Choose a face to extrude. If you choose more than one face, hold the SHIFT key to deselect unwanted faces. 3. Press ENTER. 4. Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: .25 5. Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>: 45 Select Face Extruded Face AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 125 - 15.2 Taper Face 1. Choose Modify, Solid Editing, Taper face. 2. Choose a face(s) to taper. If you choose more than one face, hold the SHIFT key to deselect unwanted faces. 3. Press ENTER. 4. Specify the base point: pick the back left corner 5. Specify another point along the axis of tapering: pick point 6. Specify the taper angle: 45 Solid validation started. Solid validation completed. Before Taper After Taper AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 126 - 15.3 Delete Face 1. Choose Modify, Solid Editing, Delete face. 2. Choose a face to delete. If you choose more than one face, hold the SHIFT key to deselect unwanted faces. 3. Press ENTER. 4. Choose the face to delete. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 127 - 15.4 Copy Face 1. Choose Modify, Solid Editing, Copy face. 2. Choose a face to copy . If you choose more than one face, hold the SHIFT key to deselect unwanted faces. 3. Press ENTER. 4. Pick the solid face to copy. 5. Pick a new location. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 128 - 15.5 Color Face 1. Choose Modify, Solid Editing, Color face. 2. Choose a face to change the color of. If you choose more than one face, hold the SHIFT key to deselect unwanted faces. 3. Press ENTER. 4. Choose a color to change the face to. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 129 - 15.6 Imprint Imprints an object on the selected solid. The object to be imprinted must intersect one or more faces on the selected solid in order for imprinting to be successful. Imprinting is limited to the following objects: arcs, circles, lines, 2D and 3D polylines, ellipses, splines, regions, bodies, and 3D solids 1. Extrude objects (i.e. walls) to create a solid object. 2. Change the UCS and draw an object on a face of one of the walls. 3. Choose Modify, Solid Editing, Imprint. 4. Select a 3D solid: pick solid 5. Select an object to imprint: pick circle 6. Delete the source object : Y AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 130 - 15.7 Extrude Imprint 1. Choose Modify, Solid Editing, Extrude Faces. 2. Select the circle that was imprinted in 15.6. 3. Deselect any unwanted faces. 4. Type -8 as the height of extrusion (or desired height). AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 131 - 15.9 Shell You can create a shell or a hollow thin wall with a specified thickness from your 3D solid object. AutoCAD creates new faces by offsetting existing ones inside or outside their original positions. AutoCAD treats continuously tangent faces as single faces when offsetting. 1. Choose Modify, Solid Editing, Shell. 2. Select a 3D solid: pick solid Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]: enter Enter the shell offset distance: .5 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 132 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 16 Editing Solids AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 133 - 16.1 Select and Manipulate Subobjects You can select one subobject, or create a selection set of more than one subobject on any number of solids. Your selection set can also include more than one type of subobject. 1. Open a drawing with 3D solid object and display in a 3D view. 2. Hold the CTRL key and select the solid. 3. While holding CTRL, toggle to other subobjects within the solid. 4. Once selected, click and drag to modify the solid. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 134 - 16.2 Use Grip Tools Grip tools are icons that you use in a 3D view to easily constrain the movement or rotation of a selection set of objects to an axis or a plane. There are two types of grip tools: o Move (3DMOVE command) o Rotate (3DROTATE command 1. Open a drawing with 3D solid object and display in a 3D view. 2. Hold the CTRL key and select the solid. 3. While holding CTRL, toggle to other subobjects within the solid. 4. Once selected, click and drag to modify the solid using the grip tool. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 135 - 16.3 Press or Pull Bounded Areas You can press or pull bounded areas by pressing and holding CTRL + ALT, or by clicking the Presspull button on the dashboard and then picking the bounded area. The area must be bounded by coplanar lines or edges. 1. Open a drawing with a 3D object and imprinted object and display in a 3D view. 2. Hold the CTRL and ALT keys and select the imprinted object or solid face to manipulate it. 3. Click and drag to a new location. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 136 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 17 Sections from 3D Models AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 137 - 17.1 Sectionplane Command The SECTIONPLANE command creates a section object that exposes the interior details of a model created with 3D objects. Once you create a section object, you can move and manipulate it to finetune the sectional view you want. 1. Open a drawing with 3D solid objects and display in a plan and 3D view. 2. Choose Draw, Modeling, Sectionplane. or 3. Type SECTIONPLANE at the command prompt. Command: sectionplane Select face or any point to locate section line or [Draw section/Orthographic]: O Align section to: [Front/bAck/Top/Bottom/Left/Right] : enter AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 138 - 17.2 Manipulate Section Using Grips 1. Click on a section line created using the SECTIONPLANE command. 2. Click on one of the grips to manipulate the section. Base grip - moves the entire section object Directional arrow grip – changes the cutting plane direction Segment end grip - rotates the section object around the base grip Menu grip - moves between the three states section line segment end grip directional arrow grip menu grip base grip AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 139 - 17.3 Section Shortcut Commands 1. Right-click on a section line to see the following section options. 


2. Click the various section options. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 140 - 17.4 Generate 2D and 3D Sections 1. Right-click on a section line. 2. Click Generate 2D/3D section… 3. From the following dialog box, click the down arrow to see all of the section options. 4. Choose 2D Section and Create. 5. Click an insertion point and scale for the 2D section block. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 141 - 17.5 Section Command Uses the intersection of a plane and solids to create a region 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Type SECTION at the command prompt. Command: section Select objects: pick solid and press enter Specify first point on Section plane by [Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>: XY Specify a point on the XY-plane <0,0,0>: MID of AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 142 - 17.6 Slice Command 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose Modify, 3D Operation, Slice. or 3. Type SLICE at the command prompt. Command: slice Select objects to slice: 1 found Specify start point of slicing plane or [planar Object/Surface/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>: YZ Specify a point on the YZ-plane <0,0,0>: MID of Specify a point on desired side or [keep Both sides] : AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 143 - 17.7 Solview 1. Choose File, New... 2. Choose “Use a Template” from the startup dialog. 3. Double-click Ansi_c.dwt as the template file to start from. This creates a new drawing with a border and one floating Model Space. 4. Double-click MODEL from the Status Bar and note the change to Paper Space. 5. Double-click PAPER from the Status Bar to toggle back to Model Space. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 144 - 6. Choose Insert, Block... 7. Choose the drawing called 3DBOTTLE.DWG to insert. 8. Insert the block anywhere in the Model Space view at a scale of 1 and rotation 0. Drawing with a Model Space View AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 145 - 9. Double-click MODEL at the Status Bar and resize the Model Space view port in Paper Space. 10. Double-click PAPER at the Status Bar to return to Model Space. 11. Type ZOOM, 1XP at the command prompt. Model Space View Resized Model Space View Scaled 1XP AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 146 - 17.8 Create an Orthogonal View 1. Choose Draw, Modeling, Setup, View. or 2. Type SOLVIEW at the command prompt. Command: solview Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section/: O Pick side of viewport to project: P1 View center: P2 Clip first corner: P3 Clip other corner: P4 View name: front Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section/: AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 147 - 17.9 Soldraw Generates profiles and sections in viewports created with SOLVIEW. SOLDRAW can only prepare viewports that have been created with SOLVIEW. 1. Choose Draw, Modeling, Setup, Drawing. or 2. Type SOLDRAW at the command prompt Command: soldraw Select viewports to draw: P1 Select objects: 1 found Select objects: enter 3 solids selected. NOTE: If your object was an inserted block, you need to first explode it so it becomes a solid. Resultant Section and Solid AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 148 - 17.10 Create 3D View UCS 1. Click MSPACE and the plan view of the 3D Bottle. 2. Choose View, 3D Viewport, SW Isometric... 3. Type UCS at the command prompt. Command: ucs Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/ Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/: view This sets the current UCS parallel to the screen. We now need to save this ucs. 4. Type UCS at the command prompt. Command: ucscs Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/ Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/: save ?/Desired UCS name: 3dview 5. Click PSPACE at the command prompt. 6. Choose Draw, Solids, Setup, View Command: solview Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section/: u Named/World/?/: n Name of UCS to restore: 3dview Enter view scale<1.0000>: enter View center: pick View center: pick AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 149 - 3D Model View AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 150 - 17.11 Solprof 1. Double-click MODEL to return to Model Space. 2. Choose Draw, Modeling, Setup, Profile.

 or 3. Type SOLPROF at the command prompt. Command: solprof Select objects: pick solids Select objects: enter Display hidden profile lines on separate layer? : enter Project profile lines onto a plane? : enter Delete tangential edges? : enter 3 solids selected. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 151 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 18 Introduction to Rendering AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 152 - 18.1 Render Command Creates a photorealistic or realistically shaded image of a threedimensional wireframe or solid model. 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to render. 2. Choose View, Render, Render... or 3. Type RENDER at the command prompt. Command: render The following render window is the result of default rendering AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 153 - 18.2 Render Destination You are able to determine the output site that the renderer uses to display the rendered image. Two options are the render window and viewport. 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to render. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref 4. Click the dropdown option for destination and choose Viewport. 5. Close the render preferences and render your objects to the viewport. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 154 - 18.3 Render Quality 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to render. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref 4. Click the dropdown option for the render quality and choose Presentation. 5. Close the render preferences and render your view. Note: Depending on the objects, lights, materials, etc. in your model, rendering in presentation mode might take a long time. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 155 - 18.4 Render Selection Controls the parts of the model that gets processed during rendering. The render procedure has three settings: View, Crop, and Selected. 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to render. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref 4. Click the dropdown option for Procedure and choose Selected. 5. Close the render preferences and render your selected objects. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 156 - This result is a selected object in the drawing that is rendered. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 157 - 18.5 Render Cropped Window 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to render. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref 4. Click the dropdown option for Procedure and choose Crop. 5. Close the render preferences and render your objects. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 158 - The result is a cropped portion of the drawing that is rendered. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 159 - 18.6 Render to File 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to render. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... 

or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref 4. Click the option for Output file name. 5. Choose a location, format, and file name for your rendered objects. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 160 - 6. Adjust the image quality and click OK. 7. Close the render preferences and render your objects. The result is a rendered image to a file that you can copy , print, or manipulate in any imaging software application. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 161 - 18.7 Turn Off Render to File 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to render. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref 4. Click the small disk beside the title for “Render Content”. You will notice that the Output file name option will be grayed out. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 162 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 19 Materials AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 163 - 19.1 Adding Material to a Drawing 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to add materials to. 2. Choose View, Render, Materials... or 3. Type MATERIALS at the command prompt. Command: materials 4. Click the Create New Material Button under the Available Materials in Drawing section. 5. Type a name and description for the new material. 6. Click the Select… button under the Diffuse Map section of the Material Editor. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 164 - 7. Navigate to a location where material textures are located, select a material image to add, and click Open. The material will be added to your drawing in the current material slot. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 165 - 19.2 Applying Materials by Attach 1. Choose View, Render, Materials... or 2. Type MATERIALS at the command prompt. Command: materials 3. Click the Apply Material to Objects button under the Available Materials in Drawing section. 4. Use the pick box to select an object to apply the material to. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 166 - 5. Press enter. 6. Type RENDER at the command prompt to see the new material applied in the drawing. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 167 - 19.3 Adjust Material Scale Materials such as hard wood might not map properly to objects at different scales. The follow section shows how to adjust the scale of materials. 1. Choose View, Render, Materials... or 2. Type MATERIALS at the command prompt. Command: materials 3. Click the Adjust Button under the Diffuse Map section of the Material Editor. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 168 - 4. Click the Adjust Button under the Diffuse Map section of the Material Editor. 5. Click Fit to object under the Bitmap Scale option and click Close. 6. Render the drawing to see the newly mapped material. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 169 - AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 170 - 19.4 Applying Materials by Layer You can attach a material to an entire layer using the Material Attach command. 1. Create a new material. 2. Type MATERIALATTACH at the command prompt. Command: materialattach 3. Click and drag the material onto the desired layer. 4. Adjust the material to the object and render to see the results. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 171 - 19.5 Applying Materials from Tool Palette 1. Click Tools, Palettes, Tool Palettes. Note: If materials are not shown on the Tool Palette, load them from the materials section on the Dashboard. 2. Click and drag a material on to an object. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 172 - 19.6 New Material 1. Choose View, Render, Materials... or 2. Type MATERIALS at the command prompt. Command: materials 3. Click the Create New Material button and create a material called Glass for the bottle. 4. From the Template dropdown, click Glass - Clear. 5. Click the Checkered Underlay option to see the glass properties. 6. Adjust other glass properties as desired and apply the material to the bottle. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 173 - AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 174 - 19.7 Opacity Materials 1. Choose View, Render, Materials... or 2. Type MATERIALS at the command prompt. Command: materials 3. Click the Create New Material button and create a material called Opacity Material. 4. Click Select…beside Opacity and choose the opacity material. 5. Apply the material to an object and render. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 175 - 19.8 Bump Map Materials 1. Choose View, Render, Materials... or 2. Type MATERIALS at the command prompt. Command: materials 3. Click the Create New Material button and create a material called Bump Material.


 4. Click Select…beside Bump Map and choose the opacity material. 5. Apply the material to an object and render. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 176 - 19.9 Removing Materials 1. Open an AutoCAD drawing with 3D objects to render. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref 5. Click the small disk beside the title for “Render Content”. You will notice that the Output file name option will be grayed out. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 177 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 20 Lights AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 178 - 20.1 Point Light A point light radiates light in all directions from its location. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Light, New Point Light. or 3. Type POINTLIGHT at the command prompt. Command: pointlight 4. Click Yes to the following viewport lighting prompt: Specify source location <0,0,0>: .XY of pick center of bottle (need Z): 10 Enter an option to change [Name/Intensity/Status/shadoW/Attenuation/Color/eXit] : enter 5. Render the current viewport. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 179 - View rendered using a point light AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 180 - 20.2 Spot Light A spotlight emits a directional cone of light. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Light, New Spot Light. or 3. Type SPOTLIGHT at the command prompt. Command: spotlight Specify source location <0,0,0>: P1 Specify target location <0,0,-10>: P2 Enter an option to change 


[Name/Intensity/Status/Hotspot/Falloff/shadoW/Attenuation/Color/e Xit] : enter 4. Render the current viewport. P1 P2 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 181 - View rendered using a point and spotlight AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 182 - 20.3 Light List The lightlist command allows you to modify lights in a drawing. This includes turning lights off, deleting lights, or changing the properties of one or more lights. 1. Open a drawing with lights. 2. Choose View, Render, Light, Lightlist. or 3. Type LIGHTLIST at the command prompt. Command: lightlist AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 183 - 4. Double-click one of the lights in the drawing to modify its properties. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 184 - 20.4 Distant Light A distant light emits uniform parallel light rays in one direction only. You specify a FROM point and a TO point anywhere in the viewport to define the direction of the light. There is no light glyph to represent a distant light in your drawing. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Light, New Distant Light. or 3. Type DISTANTLIGHT at the command prompt. Command: distantlight Specify light direction FROM <0,0,0> or [Vector]: .XY of MID P1 of (need Z): 5 Specify light direction TO <1,1,1>: .XY of MID P2 of (need Z): 5 Enter an option to change [Name/Intensity/Status/shadoW/Color/eXit] : enter P1 P2 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 185 - View rendered using a point and spotlight AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 186 - 20.5 Geographic Locations Specifies the latitude and longitude of a location for the sunlight. 1. Open a drawing with lights. 2. Choose View, Render, Light, Geographic Location. or 3. Type GEOGRAPHICLOCATION at the command prompt. Command: geographiclocation 4. Pick the desired geographic location for your model and click OK. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 187 - 20.6 Sun Properties 1. Open a drawing with a geographic location identified. 2. Choose View, Render, Light, Sun Properties. or 3. Type SUNPROPERTIES at the command prompt. Command: sunproperties 4. From the Sun Properties dialog box, click the Status dropdown and click ON. 5. Change the date to April 15, 2007 (income tax due date.) 6. Change other properties as desired and render the model. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 188 - US Capitol Building rendered on April 15 US Capitol Building rendered on October 15 AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 189 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 21 Advanced Render Commands AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 190 - 21.1 Sampling Controls how the renderer performs sampling. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 191 - 21.2 Shadows Contains settings that affect how shadows appear in the rendered image. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 192 - 21.3 Ray Tracing Contains settings that affect the shading of a rendered image. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 193 - 21.4 Illumination Affects how your scene is illuminated. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 194 - 21.5 Diagnostic Helps you understand why the renderer is behaving in a certain way. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 195 - 21.6 Processing 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Settings... or 3. Type RPREF at the command prompt. Command: rpref AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 196 - AutoCAD 3D – Chapter 22 Render Environments and Background AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 197 - 22.1 Render Environment You can use environmental features to set up atmospheric effects or background images. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Render, Advanced Render Environment... or 3. Type RENDERENVIRONMENT at the command prompt. Command: renderenvironment AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 198 - 22.2 Solid Background A background is a backdrop that displays behind your model. Backgrounds can be a single color, a multi-color gradient, or a bitmap image. 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Named Views. or 3. Type VIEW at the command prompt. Command: view 4. Choose New…

 5. Type a name for your new view. 6. Click the check box beside background. 7. Choose a color for your solid background. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 199 - 22.3 Gradient Environment 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Named Views. or 3. Type VIEW at the command prompt. Command: view 4. Choose New… 

5. Type a name for your new view. 6. Click the check box beside background. 7. Choose the dropdown option for background type and choose gradient. 8. Choose colors for your gradient background. AutoCAD 3D Tutorial - 200 - 22.4 Image Background 1. Open a drawing with 3D objects and display in a 3D view. 2. Choose View, Named Views. or 3. Type VIEW at the command prompt. Command: view 4. Choose New… 5. Type a name for your new view. 6. Click the check box beside background. 7. Choose the dropdown option for background type and choose image. 8. Click the Browse button and choose an image for your background.